Acquisition of Spanish citizenship Spanish nationality law

1 acquisition of spanish citizenship

1.1 jus sanguinis
1.2 option
1.3 naturalization

1.3.1 sephardi jews

acquisition of spanish citizenship
jus sanguinis

spanish biometric passport

spanish legislation regarding nationality establishes 2 types of nationality: spanish nationality origin (nacionalidad española de origen, in spanish)—that is, natural-born spaniard —and spanish nationality not origin (nacionalidad española no de origen in spanish).

according article 17 of spanish civil code, spaniards origin are:

those individuals born of spanish parent;
those individuals born in spain of foreign parents if @ least 1 of parents born in spain, exception of children of foreign diplomatic or consular officers accredited in spain;
those individuals born in spain of foreign parents if neither of them have nationality, or if legislation of either parent s home country not grant child nationality;
those individuals born in spain of undetermined filiation; individuals first known territory of residence spain, considered born in spain.

foreign minors under age of 18 acquire spanish nationality origin upon being adopted spanish national. if adoptee 18 years or older, or can apply spanish nationality origin within 2 years after adoption took place.

all other individuals acquire spanish nationality, other specified above, spaniards not origin .

by option

article 20 of spanish civil code, established following individuals have right apply (lit. opt ) spanish nationality:

those individuals under tutelage of spanish citizen,
those individuals father or mother had been spanish , born in spain (i.e. individuals born after parent(s) had lost spanish nationality).
those individuals mentioned in second bullet-point in article 17, , adopted foreigners of 18 years of age or more.

spanish nationality option must claimed within 2 years after 18th birthday or after emancipation , regardless of age. spanish nationality option not confer nationality origin unless otherwise specified (i.e. mentioned in article 17, , obtained through law of historical memory).

naturalization

spanish nationality can acquired naturalisation, given @ discretion of government through royal decree, , under exceptional circumstances, example notable individuals.

any individual can request spanish nationality after period of continuous legal residence, long or 18 years or older, or through legal representative if or younger. under article 22, apply nationality through residence necessary individual have lived in spain for:

ten years, or
five years if individual refugee, or
two years if individual citizen of country of iberoamerica, andorra, philippines, equatorial guinea, or portugal or if individual can prove sephardi jew connection spain; or
one year individuals:

born in spanish territory, or
who did not exercise right nationality option within established period of time, or
who have been under legal tutelage or protection of spanish citizen or institution 2 consecutive years,
who have been married 1 year spanish national , not separated legally or de facto, or
are widow(er)s of spanish national if @ time of death not legally or de facto separated, or
who born outside of spain, if 1 of parents or grandparents spanish (i.e. spanish origin).



sephardi jews

in 2015 government of spain passed law 12/2015 of 24 june, whereby sephardi jews connection spain obtain spanish nationality naturalisation, without residency requirement explained above. applicants must apply within 3 years 1 october 2015 (the law provides period extended 1 year if necessary), provide evidence of sephardi origin , connection spain, , pass examinations on spanish language , spanish culture. path citizenship in restitution 1492 expulsion of jews spain.

the law establishes right spanish nationality of sephardi jews connection spain.. instruction of 29 september 2015 removes provision whereby acquiring spanish nationality law 12/2015 must renounce other nationality held. applicants must pass tests of knowledge of spanish language , spanish culture, under 18, or handicapped, exempted. resolution in may 2017 exempted aged on 70.

as of 7 february 2017 government of spain had registered 4,300 applications had begun proceedings. 1,000 had signed before notary , filed officially. hundred, various countries, had been granted citizenship, 400 expected within weeks. spanish government taking 8-10 months decide on each case.