United Kingdom 4-4-0

1 united kingdom

1.1 tank locomotives
1.2 inside cylinder tender locomotives
1.3 three-cylinder tender locomotives

united kingdom
tank locomotives

bogie class 4-4-0st horace of 1854

4-4-0t classes began appear on 7 ft ⁄4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge lines in united kingdom 1849. great western railway built bogie class saddle tanks south devon railway in 1849, , others own use during 1854 , 1855. between 1851 , 1876, south devon railway acquired further 6 saddle tank classes, , vale of neath railway further nine. bristol , exeter railway introduced several 4-4-0st classes after 1855.

william adams built series of standard gauge 4-4-0t classes north london railway between 1863 , 1876. went on build lswr 46 class london , south western railway in 1879. other british 4-4-0t types included class of metropolitan railway, built beyer, peacock , company 1864, , highland railway o class of 1878 , p class of 1893-94. in 1864, john lambie of caledonian railway built twelve class 1 4-4-0t locomotives.

inside cylinder tender locomotives

a lb&scr b4 class c.1910 typical of british inside frame/inside cylinder layout

between 1876 , 1903, samuel w. johnson of midland railway built 350 inside cylinder tender locomotives various designs, notably midland railway’s 483 class. type particularly refined john f. mcintosh of caledonian railway dunalastair , breadalbane classes of 1896 1898. in addition, wilson worsdell of north eastern railway designed 6 classes between 1896 , 1909. other notable classes included london , south western railway’s t9 class of 1899 , london , north western railway’s precursor class of 1904.

from mid-1890s until after first world war, inside cylinder 4-4-0 standard type british express passenger trains, although several classes used in mixed traffic service in later years.

the gwr’s city of truro

the great western railway (gwr) preferred retain outside frames on inside cylinder 4-4-0s. 1 member of city class, city of truro, designed george jackson churchward , built @ gwr’s swindon works in 1903, reputedly first steam locomotive in europe travel in excess of 100 miles per hour (160 kilometres per hour), reaching speed of 102.3 miles per hour (164.6 kilometres per hour) on 9 may 1904 while hauling ocean mails special plymouth london’s paddington station.

although inside cylinder 4-4-0 had largely been superseded larger locomotives mainline express trains 1920, type remained in use in scotland , east anglia, lines not support heavier or larger locomotives common. both great eastern railway’s claud hamilton classes of 1900 1911 , great central railway’s director classes of 1920 perpetuated london , north eastern railway in 1923. until 1932, london, midland , scottish railway continued build class 2p of traditional inside cylinder 4-4-0s secondary passenger working.

three-cylinder tender locomotives

southern railway schools class stowe, constructed in 1934

experiments conducted three-cylinder compound locomotives wilson worsdell of north eastern railway in 1898, samuel w. johnson of midland railway in 1901 , francis webb of london , north western railway. of these, development of johnson s design richard deeley of midland railway 1000 class successful. class continued built london midland , scottish railway (lms) after 1905, until 1932 identical lms compound 4-4-0.

british three-cylinder simple expansion (simplex) locomotives included nigel gresley s lner class d49 hunt , shire 4-4-0s of 1927-28. however, powerful , 1 of successful 4-4-0 designs ever constructed schools class of southern railway, designed richard maunsell , built between 1930 , 1935. these used on secondary express trains between london , south coast towns, until withdrawal in 1962.