18th and 19th centuries Jesus College, Oxford

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an 1837 engraving of first quadrangle


the 18th century, in contrast disruption of 17th century, comparatively quiet time college. historian of college, j. n. l. baker, wrote college records time tell of little routine entries , departures of fellows , scholars . napoleonic wars saw reduction in numbers of students , entries in records purchase of muskets , other items college members serving in university corps. after war, numbers rose, average of twenty new students per year between 1821 , 1830. however, debts owed college had increased, perhaps due economic effects of war – 1832, college owed £986 10s 5d (approximately £84100 in present-day terms). during first half of 19th century, academic strength of college diminished: scholarships not awarded because of lack of suitable candidates, , numbers fell: there 7 new entrants in 1842. ernest hardy wrote in history of college in 1899 had been becoming increasingly evident years... exclusive connection wales ruining college place of education.


a royal commission appointed in 1852 investigate university. college wished retain links wales, , initial reforms limited despite wishes of commissioners: scholarships limited particular parts of wales opened whole of wales, , half of fellowships awarded remain open welshmen if , long principal , fellows shall deem expedient interests of education in connection principality of wales . scholarships @ college, except two, , exhibitions still restricted students wales. numbers of students @ college still fell, despite prizes being awarded success in university examinations. daniel harper, principal 1877 1895, noted continuing academic decline. speaking in 1879, noted fewer students college reaching high standards in examinations, , more welsh students choosing study @ other oxford colleges in preference jesus. further royal commission appointed. led further changes @ college: in 1882, fellowships reserved welshmen made open all, , half (instead of all) of 24 scholarships reserved welsh candidates. thereafter, numbers gradually rose , non-welsh element @ college increased, 1914 half of students welsh.








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