History Marian and Holy Trinity columns

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in imperial rome, practice erect statue of emperor atop column. last such column column of phocas, erected in roman forum , dedicated or rededicated in 608. christian practice of erecting column topped statue of virgin mary dates @ least 10th century (in clermont-ferrand in france), became common in counter-reformation period following council of trent (1545 – 1563). column in piazza santa maria maggiore in rome 1 of first. column ancient: had supported vault of so-called basilica of constantine in rome, destroyed earthquake in 9th century. 17th century column survived; in 1614 transported piazza santa maria maggiore , crowned bronze statue of virgin , child. within decades served model many columns in italy , other european countries.


the first column of type north of alps mariensäule built in munich in 1638 celebrate sparing of city both invading swedish army , plague. virgin mary standing on top on crescent moon queen of heaven. inspired example marian columns in prague , vienna, many others followed quickly. in countries used belong habsburg monarchy (especially czech republic, austria, slovakia, , hungary) quite exceptional find old town square without such column, located on prominent place.



destroyed marian column in prague


the prague column built in old town square (staroměstské náměstí) shortly after thirty years war in thanksgiving virgin mary immaculate helping in fight swedes. @ noon shadow indicated so-called prague meridian, used check exact solar time. many czechs connected placement , erection hegemony of habsburgs in country, , after declaring independence of czechoslovakia in 1918 crowd of people pulled old monument down , destroyed in excess of revolutionary fervor.



holy trinity column in olomouc, czech republic


the basic model inspired building holy trinity columns pestsäule or dreifaltigkeitssäule ( plague or holy trinity column ) in grabenplatz, vienna, built after 1679 plague; in monument column has entirely disappeared in marble clouds , colossal saints, angels , putti. era of these religious structures culminated outstanding holy trinity column in upper square (horní náměstí) in olomouc. monument, built shortly after plague struck moravia (nowadays in czech republic) between 1714 , 1716, exceptional because of monumentality, rich decoration , unusual combination of sculptural material (stone , gilded copper). base made big chapel hidden inside. column 1 has been individually inscribed on unesco world heritage list 1 of exceptional examples of apogee of central european baroque artistic expression .








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