Captaincies Captain-major

1 captaincies

1.1 madeira
1.2 azores
1.3 africa
1.4 south america
1.5 asia

captaincies

the following incomplete list of of captaincies , first donatary-captains:

madeira

medieval map showing atlantic frontier , settlements along sea (petrus roselli) bibliothèque nationale de france

there 3 captaincies in archipelago of madeira, associated 3 principal discoverers of islands:

funchal, bestowed capitão donatário joão gonçalves zarco
machico, bestowed capitão donatário tristão vaz teixeira
porto santo, appointed capitão donatário bartolomeu perestrello

azores

the lazaro luís map of atlantic (1563) showing azores , madeira

following discovery, gonçalo velho cabral became first donatary-captain of islands, beginning island of santa maria, later including island of são miguel when discovered. captaincy, lasted 1439 1461, described in 1460 henry navigator in letter cabral capitão por mim em minhas ilhas de santa maria e são miguel dos açores (captain me in islands of santa maria , são miguel in azores). progressive discovery of islands of archipelago resulted in new captaincies; in total, there have been thirteen unique captaincies in azores since discovery:

santa maria, part of captaincy of gonçalo velho cabral, santa maria , são miguel, later divided nephew joão soares de albergaria, , santa maria left in hands of descendents;
são miguel, part of captaincy of gonçalo velho cabral sold joão soares de albergaria third captain donatário rui gonçalves da câmara;
angra, single administration under captaincy of jácome de bruges, southern portion of terceira carved out , allocated joão vaz corte-real;
praia, quarrelling between joão vaz corte-real , Álvaro martins homem after mysterious disappearance of jácome de bruge, resulted in latter receiving praia;
praia da graciosa, allocated duarte barreto couto @ time of settlement, mysterious disappearance left in caretaker-ship of wife, until brother vasco gil sodré came assist in guaranteeing within family;
santa cruz, pedro correio da cunha (brother-in-law of christopher columbus), arrived on island porto santo, obtained captaincy in 1474, after mysterious disappearance of duarte barreto couto;
graciosa, vasco gil sodré attempted obtain captaincy of graciosa following castilian incursion in 1475. using same logic, crown decided unify island under 1 captain: pedro correio couto.
são jorge, bestowed joão vaz corte-real, island fiefdom of terceira, until re-incorporated crown, after manuel de moura corte-real, donatary captain of angra, decided maintain allegiance philip iii;
faial, island placed under administration of josse van huerter, after failed on first attempt settle island. discrepancy, since second attempt @ settling , developing territory resulted in greater expansion;
pico, Álvaro de ornelas attempted settle island 1460, bringing colonists northern portugal, arrived way of terceira , graciosa, attempt slow , resulted in failure;
faial , pico, island of pico incorporated faialense administration of huerter/dutra family on 29 december 1482, following inefficient failure of Álvaro de ornelas spearhead , expand settlements;
flores , corvo, developed without clear statue , late in settlement, dual island fiefdom functioned within feudal hierarchy, following settlement diogo de teive.

africa

a map of africa italian cartographer, engineer, , astronomer giacomo gastaldi (c.1500–66)



portuguese guinea, before united in 1879 under name own governor, , separated portuguese cape verde, remaining portuguese till 1974:

bissau, 1687-1879; see colonial heads of bissau
cacheu (after administrators since 1614) c.1640-1879; see colonial heads of cacheu


in present ghana, since 21 january 1482 foundation of portuguese gold coast (fort são jorge da mina de ouro [elmina: 21 january 1482-28/9 august 1637], fort de santo antónio de axim [axim: 1486-february 1642], fort são francisco xavier [osu: 1640-42] fort são sebastião [shama: 1526-1637]), has single captain-major, until after 29 august 1637 dutch occupation of capital são jorge da mina, on 9 january 1642 ceded dutch (becoming part of dutch gold coast)
mazagan (el jadida), since became in 1506 portuguese possession, till 1608, afterwards had own governors until on 11 march 1769 incorporated sultanate of morocco
mombasa on coast of later kenya (since 1502 sultanate, mvita in swahili or manbasa in arabic, independent kilwa kisiwani) since 1593 portuguese occupation had captains-major (since 1638 portuguese colony, subordinated goa in india), interrupted 12 december 1698 omani sovereignty (under governors styled wali in arabic, or liwali in swahili), last 1 portuguese rule resumed (12 march 1728 - 21 september 1729 Álvaro caetano de melo castro, next lost - see colonial heads of mombasa
portuguese mozambique, since 1 march 1498 claimed portugal vasco da gama, had captains-major since in 1501 portuguese administration begins, captaincy of sofala (subordinated goa, in india), till 1569, next captains-general, since 1609 governors, since march 1837 governors-general - see colonial heads of mozambique
on são tomé island, since became donataria in 1485, there captains-major till 1586, next governors; 1753 united principe island (present state) portuguese são tomé , príncipe, again under governors

south america

the captaincies of brazil (luís teixeira), biblioteca da ajuda (lisbon)



brazilian provinces (some had governors start):

ceará, captaincy since 1619 (1621-1656 subordinated maranhão), there captains-major 30 june 1699- 17 january 1799, ceará captaincy split pernambuco (to had been subordinated since 1656) under own governor
espírito santo, had been donataria under own governors since 1535, had captains-major 1627-1675, again 2 governors donatário, , more captains-major 1682-1799 (though since 1718 crown colony, subordinated bahia), afterwards again governors
grão-pará had captains-majors since in 1615 settlement begun part of marahão (it residence of governors 1737-1755) - 1753, next governors(-general)
maranhão had captains-major 1745 - 1775, next (as before since 9 january 1616) governors
since creation in 1582 in captaincy of paraíba, subordinated pernambuco, except occupation (dutch directors 1635-1645) , single 1645-1655 junta (council), till 1797, next governors; in 1799 separate captaincy of paraíba norte created
at least 1 captain-major known of captaincy of pernambuco (1535 founded donataria of nova lusitania, renamed in 1575), manuel de mascarenhas homem; no later 1699 got own governors, nevertheless became in 1716 crown colony, called captaincy of pernambuco.
the 1597 founded captaincy of rio grande had single captain-major 1697-1701, bernardo vieira de mello, next governors, subordinated pernambuco till 1808; since 1737 got modern name rio grande norte
at least since 1761 in 1759 founded captaincy of são josé piauí, subordinated maranhão until 1811, own governors, since 28 february 1821 renamed province of piauí
são vicente had captains-major 1533 (till 1691 alongside donatários); on 17 april 1709 name of são vicente changed são paulo e minas de ouro, since 18 june 1710 had own governors (in 1750 renamed são paulo, since 28 february 1821 province)
sergipe d el rei had captains-major since 1696 (also after 1763 merger baía) till 20 february 1821, next province under own governors



asia

a historic map age of exploration, showing southeast asia



since 1518 (except in 1524 1551) portuguese captain-major appointed colombo, capital of kotte kingdom on portuguese ceylon island (present sri lanka), until last incumbent, pedro homem pereira, promoted governor in 1594; on 27 may 1597, king dharmapala of kotte dies without heirs, , bequeaths entire kingdom king of portugal, making ceylon portuguese colony
since in 1557 portuguese established trading post @ macau (subordinated goa in portuguese india), had captains-major till 1622, governors since 7 july 1623 until 19 december 1999 (finally returned china)
portuguese timor, colony since 1642, had captains @ least since 1647, captains-major 1665-1702, next governors
ormus (present hormuz, in iran) had captains-major both in september 1507 - january 1508 portuguese first occupy it, again when since 1 april 1515 hormuz (ormuz) island became portuguese possession (subordinated goa in portuguese india), until 3 may 1622 incorporated persia
portuguese malacca, since 24 august 1511 portuguese colony on peninsular malaysia, had captains-major since 1512 (subordinated goa) till 14 january 1641, next captains-general, till lost on 14 january 1641 dutch.