History Pasay

1 history

1.1 history
1.2 spanish era
1.3 revolution , spanish-american war
1.4 american period
1.5 third republic , conversion city status
1.6 new society
1.7 people power

history




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early history


the territorial map of once said under rule of namayan, includes pasay, in modern metro manila.

in local folk history period before arrival of spanish colonizers, pasay said have been part of namayan (sometimes called sapa), confederation of barangays supposedly controlled territory stretching manila bay laguna de bay, , which, upon arrival of spanish, became known sta. ana de sapa (modern day santa ana, manila). according these legends, ruler of namayan bequeathed territories in culi-culi, pasay, , baclaran 1 of sons, named pasay, explaining origin of name.

in version of legend, rajah sulayman of maynila bequeathed territory child - named pasay, time daughter title of dayang-dayang.

spanish era

the portuguese explorer ferdinand magellan arrived in philippines on march 16, 1521. on may 19, 1571, miguel lópez de legazpi took formal possession of rajahnate of maynila , surrounding polities in name of spanish crown. 250 years, islands governed viceroy of mexico, in practice catholic clergymen governed local politics.

of many religious orders came, augustinian order figure predominantly in evangelisation of pasay. parish of pasay governed old namayan capital, since renamed sta. ana de sapa, under jurisdiction of franciscans. promise of space in heaven prompted native converts donate possessions church, folklore recounting how baptised pasay on deathbed donated vast estate augustinians. of pasay went friar hands either via donation or purchase; many natives forced divest of properties cope stringent colonial impositions. in 1727, augustinians formally took on pasay , attached parish of nuestra señora de los remedios in malate. in year, pasay renamed pineda in honour of don cornelio pineda, spanish horticulturist.

in 1862, number of prominent citizens of pasay sent petition civil , ecclesiastical authorities asking allowed manage own political , religious affairs. on december 2, 1863, pasay became pueblo upon recommendation of archbishop of manila, gregorio melitón martínez santa cruz.

the opening of suez canal in 1869 led many more spaniards part of world. new arrivals carried them ideas , ideals led political , social reforms. times , filipinos delighted spaniards , friars considered liberal learnings seeds of heresy. democratic reforms ended collapse of liberal regime in madrid, , there mass executions , innocent blood spilled.

revolution , spanish-american war

pasay produced numerous heroes during philippine revolution. katipunan, organisation founded andrés bonifacio spearheaded revolution, had chapter in pineda organized pascual villanueva, jacinto ignacio, , valentin ignacio. several women fought cause of katipunan including marcela marcelo. execution of josé rizal, authored novels noli me tangere , el filibusterismo (considered seditious colonial government) on december 30, 1896, fanned flames of revolution.

on february 25, 1898, president of united states william mckinley instructed commodore george dewey of american asiatic squadron make hong kong base of operations whence proceed offensive operations in philippines. war between united states , spain declared on april 25, , dewey steamed manila bay on night of april 30. few well-directed shots, american squadron destroyed spanish flotilla without deaths.

general emilio aguinaldo meanwhile declared independence of first philippine republic on june 12, 1898, , issued decrees providing political reorganization in country. this, don catalino became pasay s first presidente municipal (equivalent today s mayor).

pineda made command outpost of primera zona de manila under gen. mariano noriel, gen. merritt appealed pineda outpost turned on americans closer spanish lines. thinking americans allies, noriel left pineda on july 29, allowing american general greene transfer. when intramuros captured, filipinos denied entry walled city. since then, tension simmered between filipino , american troops, both sides assigned respective zones neither observed boundary lines. on night of february 4, 1899, 4 filipinos crossed american line in santa mesa, manila, , shots exchanged, triggering philippine-american war.

on may 19, 1899, general noriel given command again of pineda. in june, noriel general ricarte defeated american forces had exploited exhaustion of enemy in battle of las piñas. instead forces attacked american reinforcements , bombarded warships. assault forced them abandon pineda occupation american forces.

american period


pasay beach, manila, oil on board fabian de la rosa, 1927

the philippine-american war ended officially on july 4, 1902, , surprise of vanquished, victors buckled down bring fruition mckinley s original version of training filipinos run own government. on august 23, 1901 united states army transport thomas docked @ manila bay carrying 6 hundred american schoolteachers. public works, roads increased 990 miles when americans first came 13,000 miles of road half of first class , all-weather network.

on june 1, 1901, pineda incorporated province of rizal. antonio dancel appointed provincial governor , pascual villanueva municipal president. on august 4, 1901, resolution passed petitioning original name of pasay returned. before year ended philippine commission approved petition. 2 years later, on october 12, 1903, pueblo of malibay annexed pasay. population of 8,100 in 1903, pasay placed under fourth-class category 9 other municipalities. friar lands turned subdivisions. pasay real estate company offered friar lands residential lots sale or lease foreign investors. postal, telegraph, , telephone lines installed , branches of philippine savings bank established. in 1907 first-class road pasay camp nichols completed. others repaired including old avenida mexico called taft avenue extension. transportation services improved. among buses plying routes pasay pasay transportation, raymundo transportation, try-tran, , halili transit.

by 1908, tranvia (electric car) lines linked pasay intramuros, escolta, san miguel, san sebastian, , san juan. automobiles took streets, testing maximum 20kph speed on 3 new avenues (rizal, taft, , ayala). marvel after marvel continued fascinate pasayeños. on april 11, 1914, pasay entered aviation age. miss cora wong, nurse @ chinese general hospital became first woman in philippines fly passenger on flight tom gunn in curtiss seaplane off pasay beach. real estate cheap. of bayside area beyond luneta swamp american ex-soldiers quick seize opportunity develop residential purposes. 1918, pasay had population of 18,697 because of exodus of prominent filipino families , government officials seaside town including manuel l. quezon.

world war ii came , on december 26, 1941, mcarthur issued proclamation declaring manila , suburbs (caloocan, quezon city, san juan, mandaluyong, makati, , pasay) open city. on new year s day, 1942 quezon, while in corregidor, called secretary jorge vargas , appointed him executive order mayor of greater manila included pasay. mayor of pasay rufino mateo, governing town of more 55,161. during wwii many pasayeños joined in fight against japanese. jose p. maibag, born , bred in pasay, laid out underground networking. carlos mendoza, resident of barrio san roque, 14 others, formed mobile broadcasting station called voice of juan dela cruz. unfortunately on july 11, 1942 japanese military police pounced group. carling mendoza, alias juan de la cruz , other members of group brought old bilibid prison , suffered kind of torture talked on radio.

pasay had redo signs on town. tagalog ordered prevail on english. national language became core subject in secondary school curriculum. nippongo taught in levels. pasay prepare second republic. on october 14, 1943, japan proclaimed second philippine republic. meantime, food had become scarce prices soared. pasay folks began move away city. in october 1944, word came gen. macarthur had landed in leyte. in middle of february, pasay witness ultimate holocaust yet. pasay , neighbors ermita, malate, paco, pandacan, singalong hear day , night, shelling @ mouth of manila bay across pasig river. pasay both witness , victim. in final days before lost greater manila, japanese burned houses , sacked town. , when embers cooled, then, , then, did filipinos realize, in shock, city gone forever.

third republic , conversion city status

on february 27, 1945, general macarthur turned on government president sergio osmeña. 1 of osmeña s first acts dissolve greater manila complex. caloocan, san juan, mandaluyong, makati, pasay, , paranaque returned original province of rizal. appointed juan s. salcedo, born in pasay in 1904, director of philippine health, , executive officer of philippine rehabilitation administration in charge of national recovery devastation wrought japanese occupation. postwar reconstruction period trying 1 pasayeños began pick pieces of shattered lives. osmeña appointed adolfo santos prewar vice mayor of pasay, in place of incumbent moises san juan died during war.

ignacio santos diaz, congressman first district of pasay, pushed conversion of town city , named after rizal. diaz bill signed law president roxas on june 21, 1947. rizal city population of 88,738 inaugurated mateo rufino mayor. rizal city off start revenues of p472,835 of june 1948. there 1 hitch; residents not call city new name. after 2 years, 8 months, , twelve days of trying force of habit continued prevail. pasay congressman eulogio rodriguez, jr. filed bill returning city original name. on may 3, 1950, president elpidio quirino, once resident of pasay himself, signed law bill approved congress.

it in 1940s when houses of faith started rising in different parts of pasay people heal bruised souls. among them church of our lady of sorrows, libreria de san pablo catholic women s league, caritas, nutrition center, , grotto of our lady of lourdes. in 1951, 2 parishes established -the parish of san isidro labrador , parish of san rafael. on june 14, 1955, pasay city regained power choose leader. pablo cuneta ran against one-time mayor adolfo santos , became city s first elected mayor. in 1959, campaigned again , won against former vice mayor, ruperto galvez. on december 30, 1965, ferdinand e. marcos occupied malacañang palace new president of philippines, fernando lopez, resident of pasay, vice-president. moment imelda romualdez marcos became involved in national affairs. on northern boundary of pasay, started filling waterfront on manila bay build cultural center world-class arts complex. add 3 more architectural showpieces on reclaimed land in pasay: folk arts, film center, , convention center.

while first lady busy changing manila s skyline, president marcos using new presidential powers create police state eventual dictatorship. in 1967, jovito claudio won mayoralty race against pablo cuneta. in 1969, marcos ran reelection , claimed margin of 1 million 7 hundred votes on opponent sergio osmeña, jr. marcos paid campaign in several ways: printing more money , causing runaway inflation. obvious election fraud marcos became target of unprecedented contempt of students , opposition. in following year, assassination attempt occurred in pasay. crazed bolivian surrealist painter lunged @ pope paul vi knife grazing chest. in 1971, cuneta became mayor once more of 206,283 pasayeños. time of crisis since maoist new people s army getting stronger in countryside. government bureaucracy corrupt, nepotistic, , inept. anarchy ruled streets. nation shuddered fear in face of own implosion.

new society

on september 21, 1972 marcos signed proclamation no. 1081 placing nation under martial law in effort consolidate power, included string of bombings , staged assassination plot on defense secretary, juan ponce enrile. mayors in greater manila, including pablo cuneta of pasay called malacañang , asked join government party, kilusang bagong lipunan , nobody dared refuse president.

on december 7, 1972, 2 months after martial law declared, assassin tried kill imelda marcos. event took place in pasay, on live television. while mrs. marcos distributing prizes winners of national beautification , cleanliness contest. suffered wounds , broken nails on whole emerged unscathed close encounter. on second anniversary of martial law, marcos issued presidential decree no. 557, returning every barrio in country barangays. not long after decree had been put effect, metropolitan manila commission , department of local government instructed pasay create own barangays. mayor cuneta created 487 barangays. upon firm suggestion of secretary jose roño of department of local government, number of barangays trimmed down 2 hundred.

on november 7, 1975 marcos appointed first lady governor of metro manila, new federation created presidential decree no 824. federation consolidated 13 towns , 4 cities including pasay. 1977 air of stability seemed settle on cities , countryside. gnp posted annual increase of 7%, unemployment dropped, foreign investment doubled, , sense of law , order existed. take time people realize high prize had pay new society policies. estimated 6 thousand political prisoners had been silenced in jail, including ninoy aquino. bodies disappeared without trace. more importantly, marcos s main justification martial law - curb communist threat - had in fact had opposite way. in 1983, ninoy aquino, political nemesis of marcos, assassinated in manila international airport upon return self-exile abroad. event came within 2 years after lrt line 1, stretching along taft avenue along city, opened doors 3 stations located in pasay itself, southern terminus, baclaran station, located near pasay-parañaque border. 1 note come of times miss universe 1974 pageant held in reclamation area, bringing city international spotlight.

people power

the situation changed in city in immediate aftermath of people power revolution. cuneta left post replaced 2 acting mayors, eduardo calixto , norman urbina, reelected in 1988 , serving 3 more terms, before handling on jovito o. claudio in 1998. upon end of term city s longest ever city mayor. claudio, himself replaced vice mayor wenceslao peewee trinidad in 2000, saw building of manila metro rail transit system line 3 southern terminus in city, , pasay city general hospital opened.